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How Diamonds are Formed

There are perhaps no two substances morediamonds is subjected to pressures of up to
different visually or symbolically than882,000 pounds per square inch - over 440
diamonds and lumps of coal. However, diamondstons. Furthermore, the temperatures that
and coal are virtually identical from acause this transformation into white and
chemical and geological standpoint. Thecolored diamonds is over 800 hotter than the
important difference is that the former arefurnaces that are required in the melting and
not only pleasing to the eye and symbolic asmanufacture  of  steel.
jewelry, they are an excellent investment -
and  useful  in industrial machinery as well.Such temperatures and pressures only occur
naturally deep under the earth's surface - so
Of course, gem grade stones are quitedeep that even the deepest diamond mines can
different - and far more valuable - thanonly reach these precious stones that have
industrial grade. In fact, four fifths of allbeen brought close to the surface through
that are mined are deemed unsuitable fortremendous geological activity. This is one
diamond jewelry, and thus are used forreason that they are found primarily in the
industrial applications - primarily inGreat Rift Valley of Africa and in the
activities that require cutting, drilling,Himalayan foothills where the Indian
grinding  and  polishing.subcontinent  plows  into  Asia.
Since the 1950s, scientists have actuallyThese conditions have been replicable in the
been able to manufacture artificial diamondslaboratory for over half a century; however,
in laboratories as well. This has to do withnatural and artificial diamonds each have
the similarity between these and coal, thetheir own unique flaws, which are detectable
difference between which is more of degreeby  trained,  professional  gemologists.
than process. Both are made of carbon that
has been subjected to heat and pressure. WhatOne difference has to do with color as well;
happens is that diamonds are subject to muchnatural colored diamonds are not terribly
greater amounts of both - as much as 60,000uncommon, and come in a wide range of hues.
times that of normal air pressure at seaSome of these color variations can add
level,  and  up  to  2300 degrees Fahrenheit.tremendous value to a gem. Loose diamonds
made artificially are almost always of the
To put this into perspective, the pressure ofwhite variety; colored stones make up only
the air we live in is about 14.7 pounds perone in every ten thousand. When purchasing
square inch. At 1083 feet below the sea'sloose diamonds whether as an investment or
surface (the current scuba diving record),for use in jewelry, make sure that such
the pressure is over 482 pounds per squarediamonds have been certified by an
inch. Carbon that is transformed intoindependent gemology professional.



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