Using Electrolytes to Avoid Equine Dehydration

For heat dissipation and body cooling, a horse trottingunder the supervision of a veterinarian.
at 11.2 mph loses about 3.3 gallons of sweat per hourHorses do not "store" sodium, potassium or chloride.
under moderate conditions. The salts/electrolytesAdding daily electrolyte supplementation would not be
sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium and calciumnecessary, when feeding a balanced feeding program,
are also lost with this loss of fluid. These electrolytesunless the horse is being worked/trained hard daily and
are responsible for the transfer of water through celllosing a large amount of sweat. When preparing for an
membranes, for nerves to fire and muscles toevent, choose an electrolyte formula that is palatable
contract. Large losses of electrolytes can result inacceptable to your horse, and don't wait until the day
several neuromuscular and systemic disturbancesof the competition to find out. Use caution if adding
including muscle cramping, tying up, synchronouselectrolytes to water due to the possibility of
diaphragmatic flutter (thumps) and systemic alkalosis.decreased water consumption.
Our goal as the equine caretaker is to preventThere are lots of opinions about appropriate
electrolyte imbalance and dehydration in theadministration schedules and dose rates. Follow the
performance/stressed horse thru proper fluid andinstructions per the brand that you choose. Learn and
electrolyte replacement. Balance can greatly prolongadjust to your horses specific needs and weather
reaching the point of fatigue and also decreaseconditions. Train your horse to the level needed for the
recovery time.event. Increased electrolytes will not replace proper
If you're feeding a well formulated commercial rationconditioning.
intended for a performance horse, the chances areElectrolytes containing bicarbonate are formulated for
good that they've met the electrolyte needs of thehorses with diarrhea. These can be harmful when
lightly to moderately worked horse, under mostused as an electrolyte supplement for stress and
conditions (always make plain salt available). Electrolyteexercise.
availability can become a problem when the rate ofFeeding electrolytes without proper water consumption
loss exceeds the rate of replacement. If the horsewill cause water to be absorbed from the bloodstream
sweats for a prolonged period of time, due to extremeinto the intestine, resulting in greater dehydration. From
weather conditions (high humidity, high heat), prolongeda non-working to a heavy working saddle horse, the
exercise (endurance type work), heavily workedwater intake can increase 7 - 10 gallons/day. Check
trained horses (race horses in training) or stressedfor signs of dehydration regularly and don't wait until
horses (transporting), electrolyte needs will not alwaysyour horse looks dehydrated to administer electrolytes.
be met through their feed. For these horses, electrolyteLearn to perform skin pinch, capillary and jugular refill
supplementation becomes necessary to maintain bodyand mucous membrane testing as well as listening for
functions at an optimum level and to increase watergut sounds. Continue with electrolyte supplementation
intake preventing dehydration. Electrolytes should notwhen the event is completed to aid in recovery if
be given to a horse that is already dehydrated, exceptnecessary.