Understanding Your Horse's Saddle - The Design and Functionality of Equestrian Saddles

Saddle design will always have two mainmust put the rider in the correct riding position,
considerations. First and most important, will be yourassuming the usual stirrup length. The rider's seat
horse's well being; with the rider's comfort and stabilityshould naturally fall in the 'seat' or 'balance point' of the
being the secondary consideration.saddle and the saddle flap must ensure that the rider's
To ensure the welfare of the horse, the saddle mustknee is lifted clear of the horse. This same principle
act to raise the rider off the horse's spinal cord andapplies across all riding disciplines and all saddle designs
distribute his weight evenly across the horse's backwill differ according to the position the rider needs to
without cauding pressure points. Pressure should neverbe in for that discipline.
be allowed directly on the spinal cord of the horse, norLet's look at an English jumping saddle and a dressage
on the system of ligaments that run parallel along thesaddle to illustrate the differences in design brought
spine. That is the main design function of any saddle,about by the rider's optimum position. The jumping
although there are many variations and much debatesaddle will be designed to fit the rider in jumping
about this is best achieved.position. The saddle flaps will extend forward to take
Usually, with most designs of saddle, the spinalinto account the shorter stirrup leather length required
clearance and weight distribution is achieved by theand the consequent extending of the rider's knee
tree. Essentially, this is the rigid internal frame orposition forward and the seat or 'balance point' will be
skeleton around which the saddle is built and this isfurther back with a slightly higher cantle than normal. It
shaped to keep the weight clear of the horse's witheris these design requirements that give the jumping
and spine. It is essential, therefore, that the saddle andsaddle its familiar appearance.
tree fit the horse correctly. Too narrow a tree mayA dressage saddle, on the other hand, looks entirely
pinch at the wither, cause the saddle to sit on thedifferent because of the different riding position. The
horse's spine itself or even fail to distribute the weightsaddle flaps do not extend forward because the
evenly. Too wide a tree will allow the saddle to pinchstirrup leather length will be longer and the rider's leg will
the spine at the wither.be straighter as a result. The seat will be further
How many of us have seen riders sitting lopsided, forforward with a lower cantle.
example? Imagine what that is doing to the horse'sSubject to the important principle of spinal clearance
back!and weight distribution, the design of the saddle will,
The secondary consideration in saddle design will betherefore, differ according to the riding discipline and
the rider's stability and comfort and much will dependthis perhaps explains the popularity of General
on the riding discipline for which the saddle is intended.Purpose or 'GP' saddles for most of us! It is vital that
The design of a dressage saddle will differ greatlyyou have the correct saddle, of course, and also that
from a close contact or jumping saddle, for example,you have it regularly checked by a saddler to ensure
as will a Western show saddle and barrel racingthat it fits your horse properly.
saddle. But whatever the discipline, the saddle design