The Olympic Medal Winning Dutch Warmblood Horse

utch Warmblood is a breed of horse developed as aallowed to be branded as Dutch Warmblood horses.
competitive and recreational horse for the majorHowever, branding of horses is illegal according to
international equestrian disciplines of dressage, jumping,Dutch law, so today only the oldest Dutch
three-day eventing and driving for which it has gainedWarmbloods still bear the lion-rampant brand on the
world-wide recognition. It is also known as the Royalleft hip. Today's horses are micro-chipped instead.
Dutch Sport Horse or simply Dutch Sport Horse.But the selection process doesn't end with that one
Most warmblood breeds are continuing to evolve. Ininspection. Both genders undergo regular re-evaluations
fact, they are not breeds in the sense thatand are given classifications according to their
Thoroughbreds, Arabians, Morgan Horses andcontribution to the breed, including their own
Saddlebreds are breeds. Their studbooks are notachievements and the achievements of their offspring.
closed so that other breeds can be introduced into theNo registry has produced more successful international
gene pool to reap the benefits of hybrid vigor and toshow jumping horses than the KWPN. With at least 8
speed and improve the evolutionary process ofOlympic medalists since 2000; 2 in dressage, 6 in show
attaining the breeding goal of a particular studbook.jumping, the Dutch Warmblood Horse ranked first in
The Dutch Warmblood is no exception.jumping by the World Breeding Federation for Sport
Registered warmblood breeding in the Netherlands hasHorses (WBFSH) in 2007.
been going on for over 100 years. In 1887, King Willem IIPhysically, the Dutch Warmblood Horse stands 15.2
recognized the first Dutch studbook organization and inhands with no upper height limit, although the average
doing so he laid the groundwork for regulatedis about 16.2 hands with some reaching 17 hands. A
Warmblood breeding. During the 19th century severalhorse that is too tall is impractical for sport and
regional and local studbook organizations bred horsestherefore not desirable. The head is refined with a
specifically for farming.straight profile and the neck is long and arched. The
In the 1950's, the Dutch Warmblood Horse evolvedwithers are fairly prominent and the girth is deep with
from crossing two man-created Dutch breeds - theplenty of heart room. The forelegs are strong and
Gelderlander and the Groningen, and then refining thewell-muscled and the hindquarters are powerful. The
horse with the Thoroughbred to improve stamina. Thehock joints are low to the ground and these factors
Gelderlander evolved on the light sandy soils of centralcombine to give great power to the Dutch Warmblood.
Holland and is a medium-sized horse with a stylish gaitThe overall impression should be a horse of balanced
and jumping abilities inherited from its many ancestors;proportions. They are easy to handle, easy to ride and
the Gelderlander gave the new breed its excellentintelligent, with a willing and hard-working character.
forequarters. The Groningen evolved on the heavyMost Dutch Warmblood Horses are black, brown, bay,
clay soils of northern Holland into a larger and heavier,chestnut, or grey. White markings on the face and legs
draft style horse that was nearly lost in the mid-20thare not uncommon. The gene pool also has several
Century due to a significant number of mares beingtobiano horses from the approved stallion, Samber,
used to create the Dutch Warmblood which left fewalthough no tobiano stallion has been approved since.
purebreds. Both the Gelderlander and the GroningenThe roan pattern turns up occasionally from the
share Friesian, Oldenburger and Holsteiner in theirapproved stallion, El Rosso.
ancestry along with other related warmbloods, such asDutch Warmblood Horses are high achievers, but good
the Oldenburg and the Hanoverian used to clarifyconformation is not to be overshadowed by
minor conformation details as well as to emphasize aachievements. In a relatively short time the modern
calm temperament. The breeding program that beganDutch Warmblood has risen to international competitive
in the 1960's gave the world one of the mostimportance. Dutch Warmbloods have been exported
successful horse breeds ever developed in postwarall over the world and are winners under the flags of
Europe.many nations in international competitions as well as in
However, there are 3 varieties of Dutch Warmbloodthe Olympic Games.
Horses. Using the old established bloodlines, the DutchDutch Warmblood foals must have a name no longer
developed a true riding sport horse or Rijpaard, usingthan 20 characters or spaces that begins with the
Thoroughbred stallions as well as riding-type stallionsdesignated letter for the year of their birth. The
from France, Holstein, Hanover and elsewhere whiledesignated letter for 2008 is “D” and
taking care to retain the qualities of the old Dutchmay be the same name as a previous horse, although
breeds. Hackney Horses were also introduced to thisthe registration number itself will be unique. However,
cross in order to produce a stylish harness horse withapproved stallions must have a unique name and in
a proud, high head carriage and high knee action,some cases must be renamed once approved.
known as the Dutch Harness Horse or Tuigpaard withHowever, there is a downside to the breed.
American Saddlebred being added now. OtherOsteochondrosis (OC) is currently the most prevalent
breeders continue to breed the traditional Gelderlanderdevelopmental disorder in horses where a disturbance
light draft horse, or Basistype, by crossing with theoccurs in the process of ossification, resulting in the
Groningen to add more mass. As a result, the modernformation of abnormalities in the bone and cartilage
Dutch Warmblood horse is divided into threeduring a foal's growth. Currently, OC affects
categories in the KWPN Studbook as sport horse,approximately 30% of young horses worldwide, mostly
harness horse and traditional Gelderlander type.in warmblood breeds. Of the 12,000 foals born each
Breeding and selection of the Dutch Warmblood Horseyear and registered by the Dutch Warmblood
is strictly controlled and monitored by the Koninkijkstudbook KWPN, an average of 3,000 will develop OC
Warmbloed Paardenstamboek Nederland (KWPN) orduring their first year. A complete genetic study to
Royal Warmblood Horse Studbook of the Netherlands.investigate the differences in genetic background
This registry governs the breeding and the studbook inbetween joints and differences between factors
North America through a branch organizationinfluencing the development of OC is underway and
(KWPN-NA) formed in 1983. Keurings, or horsewill continue for two more years.
inspections, are held each year in both the NetherlandsThe success of the Dutch Warmblood Horse is no
and in North America and the horses are presented ataccident. The same characteristics and approaches
age three or older. Only after they have proven thatwhich have made The Netherlands outstanding in
they possess the necessary quality and breedagriculture and commerce have been applied to their
standard will they be entered into the Studbook andgoal to breed the best sport horse in the world.