The Missing Third Arabian - The Shagya-Arabian Horse

The World Arabian Horse Organization (WAHO)registered with SHARONA are eligible to be branded
recognizes three separate breeds of the Arabianwith a patented brand showing the letters SH inside a
Horse. In North America, most Arabian aficionados arecircular 6-pointed sun.
acquainted with the purebred Arabian and theAfter a visit to Europe, three Shagya-Arabian mares,
Half-Arabian breeds. But a large majority of peopleand two young stallions were purchased by Adele
world-wide are unfamiliar with the third and rarestFurby for import to America in 1987 and those horses,
Arabian Horse that is known as the Shagya-Arabian.along with 8 purebred Arabian mares that she had
Its origins derive from purebred desert Arabians thatselected in America became the foundation for the
were developed more than 200 years ago frompurebred Shagya-Arabian breeding program in the
selective breeding and performance testing when theUnited States on the largest and oldest
Austro-Hungarian monarchy needed a superior cavalryShagya-Arabian breeding farm in America.
mount back in 1789. The ideal horse had to beHowever, the Shagya-Arabian has been rather slow
pre-potent for its type so that it could be used toto establish itself in the U.S. Following several new
improve other native breeds. As a result of an edictimports since 2001, the breed is finally producing more
from the Emperor, the Babolna stud farm wasquality horses and the Shagya-Arabian is rapidly finding
founded 36 miles west of Budapest.new interest and new breeders. What started out as
The conditions for creating a superior breed wereonly a handful is now an amazing number of
perfect at the time, since the stud was managed byShagya-Arabians that are doing well in the sport horse
Hungary's talented native horsemen, the Magyars, whoworld. In 2002, three Shagya-Arabian stallions were
had highly developed skills as horse breeders.imported from Europe as valuable new genetic
By crossing quality cavalry mares of oriental type withmaterial for the American Sport Horse breeder who
imported purebred Arabian Horses from Syria, inwould prefer not to use the purebred Arabian for
particular, with a purebred Arabian stallion namedcrossbreeding. The Shagya breed is still very rare and
Shagya, a new warhorse was created. The breedfewer than 250 horses exist in the U.S. as of 2008
was originally known as the Araberrasse (Arab breed)with only 25 of these being approved stallions.
or Arab Fajta Horse. The Magyars kept meticulousThose people familiar with Arabian horses who see
records of the breeding program in their studbooksthe Shagya-Arabian for the first time are often not
and English Thoroughbred, Anglo-Arabian andprepared to see a large, very robust, oriental-based
Lipizzaner blood was carefully added. The breed washorse with swinging gaits and a quiet, calm nature.
consolidated many generations ago so that it breedsShagya-Arabians are taller, have a larger rectangular
consistently true to type. Shagya turned out to be suchframe, are stronger and possess better riding horse
an influential stallion that eventually the breed wasqualities than purebred Arabians. The Shagya-Arabians
renamed to Shagya-Araber which was authorized bycombine the advantages of the Bedouin Arabian;
WAHO at the 1978 convention at Hamburg. It is nowelegance, hardiness, endurance, and inborn friendliness
known in the United States as the Shagya-Arabian.toward humans, with the requirements of the modern
Historically, the Shagya-Arabian was bred in theriding horse; sufficient height, excellent movement and
Austro-Hungarian Empire, specifically in the main militaryenormous jumping ability.
stud farms of Bàbolna, Radautz and Piber inShagya-Arabians stand 14.3 to 16.1 hands high but are
Hungary. Later on, stud farms in Czechoslovakia,most commonly found in the 15-16 hand range. They
Romania, and Bulgaria also bred Shagya-Arabians. Thehave a very harmonious appearance with a wide
Shagya-Arabians not only served as cavalry horses,forehead and concave profile that often gives the
they were also used as parade horses for Europeanhead a very oriental look. The small, pointy ears are
royalty. Every royal guard or officer regarded it asituated high on top of the head and the eyes are
privilege to be able to ride a Shagya. The Imperialvery expressive. The gracefully arched neck is often
guards of the Habsburgs in Vienna were alwayslong with a slight poll. The withers are prominent and
mounted on elegant Shagya-Arabians, and the Royalreach far into the back. The shoulders are large and
Guard of Budapest rode the Shagya-Arabian.sloping and the haunches are short and strong. The
The breed was nearly wiped out during WWII, alongcroup is melon-shaped, slightly sloping and long, with a
with the Lipizzaner, but one can still admire manyhigh tail attachment. The hooves are small, well-formed
statues in Hungary commemorating the heroic deedsand hard. The mane & tail is abundant and silky
of these horses and their riders. Currently, allfine as is the rest of the body hair. They are
Shagya-Arabian breeding world-wide is overseen bypredominantly gray in color, but can be bay, chestnut
the Internationale Shagya-Araber Gesellschaft e.v. (or black, although black Shagya-Arabians are rather
ISG) and horse must be approved before being usedrare.
as breeding stock. In 2000, the total number of ShagyaShagya-Arabians are known for having light, basic
mares was estimated at approximately 1,500 horsesgaits and a good jumping disposition and have also
world-wide.proven themselves to be successful in open
In the United States, the Shagya-Arabian faced acompetitions against warmbloods in dressage, jumping,
dramatic birth by Adele Furby in Montana. In 1984, Ms.and 3-day eventing.
Furby rescued a Shagya-Arabian stallion named BravoShagya-Arabians are now being used to refine other
from the estate of a Hungarian Countess who hadwarmbloods. Following the European method of
stipulated in her will that 22 of her favorite horsesWarmblood Sport Horse breeding, quality Trakehner,
were to be destroyed upon her death so as to not fallDutch Warmblood, Thoroughbred, and Arabian mares
into the wrong hands, and Bravo was on that list. Histhat have been approved by the American Trakehner
paternal grand sire, GAZAL II, was considered theAssociation (ATA), the American Shagya Arabian
"Shagya Stallion of the Century" in Europe and his son,Verband Inc. (ASAV), the North American Shagya
GAZAL VII, was pictured on the cover of a studbook.Society (NASS), and the International Sport Horse
After correspondence with ISG and some pedigreeRegistry (ISR) are being bred to purebred
research, the ISG named Bravo as the foundationShagya-Arabian stallions. When the Shagya is used,
stallion for the United States Shagya-Arabian breedingthe very first generation shows refinement without the
program and in 1986, Ms. Furby started the Northloss of size or bone and the Shagya adds many of
American Shagya Society (NASS) to help recover thethe good characteristics from the Arabian. The
rare Shagya-Arabian breed from near extinction.offspring from these crosses are accepted by most
NASS is recognized by the ISG as the only Northof the Verbands and the genes will modernize the
American registry for Shagya-Arabians. Its registry issport horse that is sought after today, but NONE of
referred to as the Shagya-Arabian Registry of Norththese crosses may ever be used for purebred
America (SHARONA) and purebred Shagya-ArabiansShagya-Arabian breeding.