The Colorful Pinto Horse

The terms "Pinto" and "Paint" are often confusedAppaloosa and Paint. Those patterns are the Tobiano
when referring to a horse with a light and dark coatand the Overo.
pattern, but in fact, those two words have differentThe Tobiano coat appears to be a white horse with
meanings. The Pinto Horse Association (PtHA) is alarge flowing spots of color, often overlapping. Spots
color registry, and Pintos can be any breed, but theof color typically originate from the head, chest, flank
Paint Horse that is registered with the American Paintand buttock, and often include the tail. It is considered
Horse Association (APHA) is limited to equines ofnecessary to have a Tobiano parent to get a Tobiano
documented and registered Paint, Quarter Horse orfoal.
Thoroughbred breeding. While a Pinto could be multiplyThe Overo coat appears to be a colored horse with
registered if it met the breed standards specified bywhite markings. Spots of white appear to be jagged
any registry, the two registries, PtHA and APHA, areand usually originate on the animal's side or belly
independent, even through most Paints can be doublespreading toward the neck, tail, legs and back, but it
registered as Stock or Hunter type Pintos.often has a dark tail, mane, and legs. White almost
The variety among the Pinto breed can be seen in thenever crosses the back. A horse of Pinto coloration
19 recognized outcross breeds, which are separatedthat descended from two solid colored parents of
into different types and sizes. However, the Pintoanother typically solid colored pure breed is called a
coloration may occur in any breed or specific"crop-out" and is of the Overo pattern.
conformation, but the Pinto Horse Association ofA Pinto must have at least two or more of the
America does not accept horses with Appaloosa,following characteristics: blue eyes; leg white above
Draft, or mule breeding or characteristics.the knee or hock; white or multi-colored hooves;
The Pinto is registered according to its size at maturitycollective white in the eligible zones; and pink skin.
and is classified as either Horse, Pony, Miniature orThere must be four square inches of cumulative white
Miniature B. They are measured in inches at thein the qualifying zone. This requirement is modified with
withers, not in hands, as is typical for other equinethe size of the horses, so only three square inches is
breeds. A Miniature Pinto is 34" or less in height at therequired for ponies and two square inches are required
withers and a Miniature B Pinto is over 34" but doesfor miniatures. There are still some judges in the show
not exceed 38" at maturity. The Pinto Pony isring that are prejudiced against colored horses,
between 38 inches to 56 inches, while the Pinto Horseespecially in the English disciplines, but this opinion is
is more than 56 inches or over 14 hands high. Eachdeclining slowly.
size division has its own rules and standards andThe origins of the colors in the Pinto in North America
allows for exhibition against "like" conformation andcan be traced back to the two-toned horses
styles.introduced by the Spanish explorers, descendants of
The Pinto does not have consistent conformationhorses from North Africa and Asia Minor, Inevitably,
since it is bred for color, but rather, its conformationsome of these colorful creatures escaped to create
should be of the breed of its parentage. This meansthe wild herds of horses that roamed the Great Plains.
that many Pintos are multiple-registered, once for color,Though commonly associated with the Native
and at least once for breed depending on theAmerican for its legendary magical qualities in battle, it
registration of its parents. So, in addition to size, thereis believed that the Pinto patterns may be from
are four acknowledged types of conformation: theArabian strains, since Pinto markings appear in ancient
Saddle type, Stock type, Hunter type and Pleasureart throughout the Middle East. In fact, its history in the
type. Type is determined by the conformation andUnited States is much like that of the Appaloosa and
background of each horse.Paint horses.
The Stock type Pinto is a western horse mostly ofThe Pinto has traditionally been thought of as the
Quarter and Paint breeding and conformation while thehorse that the American Indian preferred as a war
Hunter type Pinto is an English horse mostly ofhorse because its coloring provides a natural
Thoroughbred and approved European Warmbloodcamouflage. It eventually became an icon of the
breeding and conformation. The Pleasure type Pinto isAmerican west, whose colorful presence in parades
mostly of Arabian or Morgan breeding andand films always added a little extra glamour.
conformation and the Saddle type Pinto is a gaitedPinto Horse Association of America (PtHA) was
horse mostly of American Saddlebred, Tennesseeformed in 1956 although the bloodlines of many Pintos
Walking or Missouri Foxtrotter breeding andtrace back three or four generations before that date.
conformation and displays the high head carriage andEstablished primarily as a color registry, the PtHA now
animated gaits. Each type is exhibited in its own classoffers four conformation types, and four size
and owners are encouraged to stay within a specificdesignations in their registry. More than 124,000 horses,
type when breeding. The PtHA strives to produceponies, and miniatures throughout the U.S., Canada,
each succeeding generation with improved style andEurope and Asia have been registered.
talent within each of these types. Pinto Breeders, like allThere is a second Pinto registry called the National
breeders, believe that conformation is an importantPinto Horse Registry (NPHR) that was established in
factor in what a horse can do for the rider.1984 to provide a means for Pinto owners to register
As stated above, the Pinto horse is a color breed andtheir horses that other organizations won't register for
that is where a breeder's main focus lies. This iswhatever reason. They maintain a database of over
different from other breeds which are defined by their4,000 Pintos, which are identified under one of four
genetic ancestry, not their color. In America, the Pinto isclassifications: Grade, Semi-Purebred, Purebred, and
regarded as a breed; however, in other parts of theCarrier. It includes horses from all 50 states as well as
world, it is only considered a color or a type of horse.Canada, Europe, and South America. NPHR will issue a
Pintos have a dark background coloring and upon thiscertificate, suitable for framing to present to potential
color random patches of white. When the darker colorbuyers.
is black, the horse is referred to as Piebald. When theBecause of the wide diversity of breeds in the Pinto,
darker color is anything but black, the horse is referredtheir disposition, trainability, gaits, naming conventions,
to as Skewbald.and any genetic health considerations are based on
There are two color patterns that are recognized bythe breed of their genetic ancestry.
the PtHA which are also major patterns in the