The Arabian Horse - Horse of the Desert Bedouin

"An Arabian will take care of its owner as no otherwinner took the best of the loser's herd as their prize.
horse will, for it has not only been raised to physicalBreeding stock could be bought and sold as well. War
perfection, but has been instilled with a spirit of loyaltymares, though, were considered priceless. If one did
unparalleled by that of any other breed."happen to change hands, it was considered a most
Many, many centuries ago, in the vast and inhospitablehonored gift. No greater gift could be given amongst
deserts of the Middle East, came a breed of horse likethe Bedouin people than the Arabian mare.
none other. Powerful, intelligent, and possessing anThe value placed on the Arabian mare led the
alluring beauty only begin to describe the ArabianBedouins to keep a meticulous record of each family
horse. Thriving in the sweet grass oasis along theof Arabian horse through its dam. The only
Euphrates and Tigris Rivers that extend over parts ofrequirement of the sire was that he had to be "Asil" or
what is known today as Iraq, Iran, and Syria, and partspure. The highest regard was shown if his dam
of the Arabian peninsula, this amazingly versatile horseshowed he was a "celebrated" mare of a great mare
developed a strong bond with the nomadic people offamily. Mare families were often named according to
the desert, the Bedouins.the tribe or sheik who bred them.
The Arabian horse was so prized and respected thatThe Bedouin valued purity in the Arabian breed above
it was considered a gift from Allah, to be revered,all else; many of the tribes owned only one main strain
cherished, and honored. The Arabian horse was aof the horse. There were five basic families of breed:o
necessity for the well-being and survival of theKehilan - Noted for depth of chest, masculine power,
Bedouin people and vice versa. As thisand size. Common colors are gray and chestnut.o
inter-dependence for survival strengthened, so did theSeglawi - Known for their refinement and almost
bond between these beautiful horses and the nomadicfeminine elegance. The most common color is bay.o
Bedouins. The head men of tribes knew the historiesAbeyan - Similar to the Seglawi, they tend to be
of each family horse so well that he could relate theirrefined with a longer back than the typical Arabian.
stories to the people as well as he could relate storiesCommonly gray and possibly carrying white markings.o
of each family within the tribe. As each centuryHamdani - Often considered plain, with an athletic and
passed, the mythology and romance of the Arabiana somewhat masculine, large boned build. Common
breed grew as stories of valor, mighty endurance, andcolors are gray and bay.o Hadban - This is a smaller
wealth were intermingled with the genealogies.version of the Hamdani. They too are big boned and
Even religious belief, superstition, and traditions had ahave a muscular build. Their primary colors are brown
significant impact on the Arabian breed. Theyor bay with a few white markings possible.
impacted:o The nature of the breedo Its head shape.The Bedouins are credited with the beginning of
The bulging forehead was said to hold the blessings ofselective pure breeding of Arabian horses. Although
Allah.o Its neck. The great arching neck with a highbreeding records were kept by memory and passed
crest were a sign of courage.o Its colordown verbally, they are also credited as the first to
These traits were held in very high regard andkeep breeding records and maintaining the purity of the
selectively bred for.Arabian breed. Even though there is no written record,
As in most societies of the time, the Arabian horsemany Arabian pedigrees can be traced to desert
was mainly used as an instrument of war. Thebreeding. This is because the Bedouins held such a
Bedouins used the Arabians horses as mounts to raidhigh importance to the purity of the Arabian horse.
and attack enemy tribes and capture their herds ofThus, "desert bred" is widely accepted as an authentic
sheep, camels, and goats. The Bedouins needed theverification of pure blood for Arabian horses that were
ability to attack with speed and surprise and for quickearly imports into other parts of the world.
escapes. The Arabian horses made this possible withToday, there are a far greater number of Arabian
their courage and essential speed and endurance.horses in existence. Many of these originated outside
Bedouins were also hospitable, welcoming desertthe deserts of the Middle East. Greed, ambition, and a
travelers that needed a reprieve from the harshdesire for prestige as well as an honest interest in
elements of the desert. A welcomed guest would findpreserving the breed from extinction were the driving
their mare's bridle hung from the center pole of hisforces that helped Arabian horses thrive and
Bedouin hosts tent to indicate his status. Even duringpropagate over the last century. Since then, this
times of war, tribes would meet and with greathonorable and beautiful animal, the Arabian horse, has
hospitality, the Bedouins would break bread and shareflourished just as it did under the care of the Bedouins
stories of their bravest and fastest horses.so many centuries ago.
The Bedouins also used the horses in races where the