History of Dressage

The word "dressage" is French, and is most commonlylarger arena, and will include all gaits (walk, trot, canter,
translated as "training." On her website, Theresagallop), as well as more complicated movements, like
Sandin defines dressage as: "The guiding of a horseflying lead changes or pirouettes.
through a series of complex maneuvers by slightCurrently, competitive dressage has nine levels, with
movements of the rider's hands, legs, and weight."progressively more difficult tests in each level. There
Dressage is a form of riding that focuses on a perfectare also tests written for musical freestyle, sport
partnership between horse and rider. The rider is nothorses, and for multiple horse and rider pairs. However,
simply a passenger, but an active member of ain all levels of dressage competition, judges will
horse-human duo.consider rhythm, regularity, relaxation, contact, impulsion,
It has been said that dressage is both a journey and aand collection.
destination, with the core purpose of developing,If you would like to train in dressage, the first thing to
"through standardized progressive training methods, ado is find the right instructor. Ideally, it will be someone
horse's natural athletic ability and willingness to perform,who has ridden at the Grand Prix level and has
thereby maximizing its potential as a riding horse." Inworked with other students with measurable, positive
short, after a lifetime of studying dressage, a horseresults. Check references!
and rider make the strenuous look effortless.You will also need the right tack, starting with a decent
So, how did this beautiful style of riding begin?English dressage saddle, along with other items
Dressage has its roots classical Greek horsemanship,recommended by your instructor.
evolving out of the necessity to train horses to fight inMost importantly, you will need the right horse! While
battle, and those training techniques, over time, havethere are many horses that are capable of performing
been employed to create an elegant dance in thedressage maneuvers (Quarter horses, Arabs,
show ring. It came to be considered an "importantThoroughbreds, Warmbloods, and even some draft
equestrian pursuit" during the Renaissance. By 1912,horses have all made it to the highest levels of
dressage had become an accepted form of trainingdressage competition), you need the horse that is right
and riding, although it took many more years beforefor you. This is the trickiest part - the part that is the
men who were not in the military and women came"art," and emotion, because there is only so much
into the picture as serious dressage riders andscience and breeding will tell you. Only you and your
competitors.dedication to the relationship will determine if you and
Speaking of competition, what is a dressage showyour horse will forge the deep bond necessary to go
like?all the way. And finally, if you want to train all the way
The dressage arena is a rectangle, with letters placedto the top, you must start with horse that is fairly
at evenly spaced intervals around the perimeter.young, say three or four years old. It takes years to
Competitors use the arena to present dressagetrain a horse properly (most Grand Prix and Olympic
routines, called "tests." The letters are markers thathorses are in their teens).
dictate how and where particular moves areFrom the perspective of the spectator at a dressage
executed. Lower level tests are performed in a smallercompetition, the rider should not appear to be overtly
arena, usually at a walk or trot. The movements aredirecting the horse in any specific way. It should look as
simpler and focus on lower level goals, like how wellthough the horse and rider have become one being,
the horse bends around the rider's leg (flexibility)and are moving together in complete unity. Watching a
whether the rider is on the correct diagonal whilehigh-level (Grand Prix or Olympic) should be like
posting at a trot. Higher level tests are performed in awatching a ballet on horseback.