Heavy Draft Horse Breeds in the UK

There are four heavy draft horse breeds recognizedbloodlines. Clydesdales have been used for heavy
in Great Britain: The Shire Horse, the Clydesdale, thefarm work and today they are still used for farming
Suffolk Punch and the Percheron.and pulling logs, where machines are not suitable to be
In former times heavy horses had been used for pullingused.
loads and as the "heart"of transportation. Tractors andThey are a symbol for the Anheuser-Busch brewery
lorries haven't been invented yet, only after the(Budweiser).
Second World War, when the diesel engine wasAnd they are performing in shows in halter and
introduced into the world of farming and transportationperformance classes. In performance classes the
their importance decreased suddenly and they almosthorse is judged on how it is behaving in harness, on
disappeared.how it is moving in the ring and its capability to work in
Nowadays those horses are becoming popular again:a team, its responsiveness to the driver and on the
due to their docile temperament, stamina and versatilityquality of the horse and the equipment.
they can be used for all sorts of equestrian activities:The Suffolk Punch
showing, driving, pulling logs or agricultural machinery,It is like the Shire horse a descendant of the medieval
riding and even dressage and show jumping.Great Horse. The Suffolk Punch was developed in the
The Shire Horsecounties of Norfolk and Suffolk in England and is one
This is the tallest of the modern heavy horse breeds,of the oldest heavy horse breeds. This heavy horse
their height reaches 18 hh and they can grow evenhas got stamina and is very powerful. Its temperament
taller. Their weight is about a ton. The world's tallestis docile and it is well known for easy handling.
horse "Sampson", born in 1846 in Bedfordshire inIt reaches in average16.1 hh. It has got a very muscular,
England, was 21.2 hh (2.20m) at the whither and hisarched neck, a short strong back and strong, upright
weight was estimated for 1.5 tonnes.shoulders. The hips are broad and the tail high in onset.
The Shire horse was developed out of the medievalThe legs appear short and have no feathering. The
Great Horse, which William the Conqueror broughtusual hair coat color is chestnut in various shades.
1066 to the British Islands. By planned improvement ofWhite markings occur.
a breed called the Black horse or later the Bake wellIt was used for heavy farm work and pulling heavy
Black, the Shire horse breed was formed. The numberloads in the past.
of Shire Horses decreased considerably after theToday it still performs in draft horse competitions and
Second World War, because of a more and moreis used for driving and showing.
motorized agriculture and haulage business. NowadaysThe Percheron
numbers are slowly rising again, because they areThe Percheron is a very popular heavy horse breed
used for crossbreeding and showing.and in the UK amongst the four recognized heavy
In former times it was used for pulling heavy loads anddraft horse breeds.
for heavy farm work. It was originally used to pullThis breed is named after the Perche valley in the
ale-delivery carts. Nowadays it is still used as aNorth of France. Its exact origin is unknown, but it is
brewery horse, e.g. the grey Shires of Samuel Smithbelieved that Moores brought them to Europe and their
Brewery in Tadcaster and the Tetley brewery inancestors are Arabian horses.in the middle age it was
Leeds.used as a heavy warhorse. Then it was used for
The Shire horse is also seen in Draft horseheavy work, like pulling stagecoaches etc. The
competitions and shows. They are used forforehead is square with a straight profile. The neck is
crossbreeding with Thoroughbreds to produce amuscular and strong, some individuals have a long and
heavy hunter horse type.heavy neck.
The ClydesdaleThe chest is broad, the back short and they have a
This breed originates in the Clydesdale in Scotland,deep girth. The hindquarters are very muscular and
where it was bred and developed over the last 300powerful. They should have a round hip and a long
years.croup. The mane is thick; the hair coat color is gray or
It was used for heavy farm work, pulling carts and inblack. They can reach heights of 15 - 19 hh and weigh
the timber industry for pulling logs. These heavy draftup to a ton and above and lives 27 - 39 years. A
horses have been exported all over the world.modern variation of the Percheron is longer and
The Clydesdale became like the Shire horse a victimslender in appearance. This type is used for showing
of the motorization and would almost disappear, but itcompetitions.
has regained popularity and its biggest population isThis is a very gentle and intelligent horse and ideal for
now in the United States with yearly 600 new foaldriving. It can pull heavy loads as well as perform in
registrations.front of a fine carriage.
Two stallions are recognized as the founders of theIt is also suitable for riding and competes even as a
breed ("Lord Darney" and "The Prince of Wales") andshow jumper.
all Clydesdales nowadays originate from these two