Draft (Draught) Horses - Percherons

Historyand reputation for ease of handling.
Although the exact origins of the Percheron haveDraft (Draught) Horses - The Shire
been lost over the years, there are several differentThe last of six articles about Draft (Draught) Horses,
beliefs about their roots. There are those who believethis one is about the Shire, and English draft horse
that this large draft horse is descended from thewhich can be traced back as far as the Roman
original horses of the Ice Age. Still others think that it'sConquest.
closely related to the Boulonnais horse that theHistory
Romans used to invade Brittany. And a third groupThe Shire, an English draft horse, can be traced back
maintains that the horse is from a herd of Arabians, orto the days of the Roman Conquest. The horse has
some of the horses used by the Moors during thebeen depicted in paintings, as far back as the 15th
battle of Poitiers. Whatever one chooses to believe,century, in full war regalia. There are those who do not
the consensus among all is that the Percheron can bedoubt that this heavy draft was used by knights in
traced to Normandy at an area called La Perche.battle. Others, however, do not share this belief. In any
Once again, a draft breed has at its roots theevent, once the tournaments and heavily armored
Belgian-Flemish blood.knights passed into history, the ancestors of the Shire
While modern-day Percherons are notable for theirwere put to use pulling wagons on the roads and
heavy draft work, during the 8th century the heavierploughs in the fields. It soon became the largest and
native and cob stock were crossbred with Arabiansmost powerful horse in Britain. Still today, brewers in
and other Oriental horses. The Percheron produced byEnglish cities use the Shire to pull beer wagons and,
this breeding made the horses more suitable for ridingthey are used for weight-pulling and ploughing
and lighter draft work. As time passed, the use of acompetitions.
Percheron as a carriage horse developed into theAlthough the Shire was found and developed
more practical need as a heavier draft animal. Thethroughout England, what is know today as the
smaller-boned breed of the late 1800s was crossedMidlands (Lincoln, Huntington, Derby, Norfolk, Leicester,
with the heavier mares of Brittany, resulting in theCambridge, and Norfolk shires) were where the
stockier Percheron that is most familiar today.highest concentration of this draft could be found. As
Description and Conformationwith other draft horses, the Shire bloodline was
The preferred Percherons are black or grey butimproved with the mixture of other breeds throughout
browns, sorrels, and bays are acceptable forhistory. There are relatively accurate records, which
registration. Due to the Oriental-type blood throughoutdate back about 1000 years, that show when the
their history, while a heavy horse, the elegance of theBelgian and Flanders breeds were crossed with the
heritage shows. The Percheron is not as choppy in itsShire.
movements as other heavy draft horses tend to be.The Shire was first imported to America in 1853. In the
The head is ideally medium sized, has a lean, clean cut,early 1900s it seemed that the Shire might
and a broad width between the eyes. While the chestovershadow the Percheron as America's favored
is deep and wide, the shoulders of the Percherondraft horse. However, the Percheron prevailed.
should not stand out prominently, as they tend to do onDescription and Conformation
other drafts. The back is straight and strong inThe typical colors for the modern Shire includes grey,
proportion to the neck length and shoulder height.brown, bay, and black. There is the occasional white,
Today's average Percheron measures 17 to 18 handsbut it is a rarity. The mature stallion stand 16.2 to 17.2
(68 to 72 in., or 173 to 183 cm.) at the shoulder. Maturehands (165 to 175 cm., or 65 to 69 in.) at the shoulder
Percherons can weigh from 1600 pounds (113.6 stones)and weighs up to 2200 pounds (156 stones). The
up to, and in excess of, 2400 pounds (170.4 stones).mares and geldings are slightly smaller.
This breed of draft horse has been acclaimed asThis draft has the convex, or "Roman", nose. Its eyes
being very adaptable in any environment And it isare large, wide-spread, and intelligently expressive. The
characterized by a long smooth stride which showsshoulders are large and prominent. The body is
determination and willingness. It is also known for itsrelatively thick. And the legs are long with a good deal
intelligence, affable temperament, willingness to work,of feathering around the feet.