67 The Magnificent Marching Mangalarga Marchador Horse

Mangalarga Marchador is the National Horse of BrazilHanoverian and Trakehner, which meant that Arabian
and is one of the most popular and widespread horsesand Thoroughbred also found their way into the
in South America. It has been exported to Germany,breeding programs. This made the Mangalarga Paulisto,
Portugal, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Holland, but did notwhich is lighter and leggier, a completely different breed
arrive in the United States until 1991 where it is still aform the Mangalarga Marchador and led to a separate
rare breed. The United States Mangalarga Marchadorregistry of Mangalarga Paulisto horses in 1934. Both
in America (USMMA) is working with breeders in manyMangalarga varieties are registered with ABCCRM but
states to promote this beautiful and uniquely gaitedthey are so different that each variety has its own
horse that exhibits classic Spanish conformation andstudbook.
charm and is a wonderful sport horse that can beThe Mangalarga Marchador is a very versatile breed
inspected and registered as a warmblood. Traditionaland there are over 350,000 registered Mangalarga
tack that is used for showing the Mangalarga is quiteMarchador horses in Brazil. They are good cattle
simple with the saddle resembling an Australian stockhorses, show horses, riding and jumping horses, even
saddle. The headset is clean cut with a snaffle bit andpolo is in their functional realm. The Mangalarga
the rider s clothing, when showing the Mangalarga inMarchador set the Guinness Book of World Records
Brazil varies from region to region but it is alwaysendurance record in 1994 when two 60 year old
colorful and unique.Brazilian men completed a trail ride of 8,694 miles to
The Mangalarga is the product of a rich agriculturalprove the stamina of the Mangalarga Marchador by
area and its haciendas where the farmers andriding all day long for one and a half years with the
ranchers have always valued a smooth andsame horses.
comfortable ride and superb temperament since theyThe Mangalarga Marchador stands 14.2 to16 hands
spent a large part of their work day on horseback.and weighs between 850 and 1100 pounds, with 1000
The Mangalarga Marchador was originally developed inpounds be average. Horses that are shorter than14.2
1740 as an Iberian breed, descending from thehands are not acceptable for registration. Most colors
Andalusian stallions of Portugal and Barb mares. In 1812,are represented in the breed, but grays tend to
Prince Pedro I (1798 1834), soon to become Emperorpredominate. Chestnut and bay are also popular with
of Brazil, presented one of his fine Portuguese Alterblack, buckskin, palomino and paint horses being
Real stallions, Sublime, as a gift to his friend Gabrielpresent in the genotype.
Francisco Junqueira, Baron of Alfenas, whoseThe Mangalarga Marchador has a medium structure
Hacienda Campo Alegre was an established horsethat is strong and well proportioned, with agility, vigor
breeding farm of over 70 years. Sublime was theand soundness. The head is triangular in shape with a
descendant of 2 horses brought from the breedingstraight profile that is rounded over the nose region
farm Coudelaria Alter do Chao in Portugal by Domwhich is typical of the Barb horse. The large, dark
Joao VI during the invasion of the Iberian Peninsula byeyes are set wide apart and the ears are proportional
Napoleon. Sublime was bred to the native colonialto the head with tips turned inward. The coat is fine
mares in Brazil, many of whom were fast and smoothand silky with an abundant mane and tail. The neck is
amblers of Spanish Jennet, Criollo, Andalusian and Barbof medium length and arched which gives balance and
breeding. The first foals produced from this crossa proud, high carriage. The chest is deep for a great
were called Sublime horses and had thelung capacity and is reason for the legendary stamina
characteristics of the current Mangalarga Marchadorof the breed. The pasterns and hooves are at the
horse, including the cadenced rhythmic gait called theslightly lower angle that is typical of Spanish horses
Marcha. It was this stallion that founded the modernwhich allows the breed to overreach well without
Mangalarga.excessive stress.
The breed s name comes from the Hacienda.
Mangalarga who acquired some of the SublimeThis breed has an active but docile temperament and
breeding stock from Hacienda Campo Alegre and theis well known for keen intelligence, excellent stamina
smooth, rhythmic marcha. Local ranchers becameand regal bearing. They are alert, attentive and easily
interested in the horses from Hacienda Mangalargatrained for most disciplines, but most of all, they are
and soon started to buy their own breeding stockrenowned for their incredibly smooth and fluid ride
from Hacienda Campo Alegre. Since then, theeven at high speeds using a gait that is unique in the
Mangalarga Marchador has been selectively bred forworld.
over 180 years with no other breed being used. TheThe Mangalarga Marchador has the natural gaits; the
traditional breeding of the Mangalarga Marchadorwalk, the marches, and the canter and neither trots nor
horse has concentrated on the original pure foundationpaces but moves naturally from the smooth marching
lines from Hacienda Campo Alegre. Since the famousgait into the canter. There are two different 4 beat
Spanish Jennets are now extinct, the Mangalargamarcha types, the lateral Marcha Picada (light touch)
Marchador is probably the purest surviving remnant ofand the natural diagonal Marcha Batida (to hit), with the
that breed. .Genetic studies of these lines show manyMarcha Picada being a bit smoother. The marcha can
specimens with very little or no outside influences andbe sustained for long periods of time, allowing the rider
these lines produced horses that were sure footed,hours of enjoyable riding with little discomfort.
graceful, comfortable and of excellent temperament.The marcha is remarkably fast and smooth. The horse
The first breed association, Associa& #1079;&moves its feet alternately laterally and diagonally with
#1075;o dos Criadores do Cavalo Marchador demoments in which triple hoof support can be verified. If
Ra& #1079;a Mangalarga was founded in 1949 tothe horse is marching on level ground at a normal
distinguish the Mangalarga Marchador as a uniquerhythm, the tracks of the rear feet will cover or pass
breed, particularly in regards to the gait, and to setslightly ahead of the tracks of the front feet.
down the standards for the breed. It is now called theWhen the horse places the feet diagonally and with
Associa& #1079;& #1075;o Brasileira dosmoments of triple hoof support, the gait is called
Criadores do Cavalo Mangalarga MarchadorMarcha Batida. It is a diagonal four beat gait, similar to
(ABCCMM). The USMMA is affiliated with thethe Trocha in the Paso Fino. When the horse moves
ABCCMM and. Mangalarga Marchador must pass rigidthe feet laterally and separately and also has
standards for conformation, gait, performance andmoments of triple hoof support, it is called Marcha
endurance. In many cases, the horses in the U.S.Picada. This is a broken gait and therefore creates little
maintain dual registry with the ABCCMM in Brazil.vertical movement, similar to the Paso Fino corto or
There are however, two varieties of Mangalarga. TheLargo, and has also been compared to the Peruvian
original Marchador (also known as the Mineiro) which isPaso Llano.
of straight Iberian heritage and the Mangalarga PaulistoDue to the triple hoof support exhibited in the
from S& #1075;o Paulo which has more EuropeanMangalarga Marchador, the marcha gives a very
breeds in its ancestry. When the Junqueira familycomfortable ride with little friction since the horse is
moved to S& #1075;o Paulo, the terrain and localalways in contact with the ground. The longer and
culture required a horse with different characteristics,more frequent the moments of triple hooves support
so they started to cross the Mangalarga Marchadorare, the more comfortable the ride will be.
with Hackey, Morgan, American Saddle Horse,